Changelog
2023-07-27
New default storage subsystem
Databases created via the Cloudflare dashboard and Wrangler (as of v3.4.0) now use D1’s new storage subsystem by default. The new backend can be 6 - 20x faster than D1’s original alpha backend.
To understand which storage subsystem your database uses, run wrangler d1 info YOUR_DATABASE and inspect the version field in the output.
Databases with version: beta use the new storage backend and support the Time Travel API. Databases with version: alpha only use D1’s older, legacy backend.
Time Travel
Time Travel is now available. Time Travel allows you to restore a D1 database back to any minute within the last 30 days (Workers Paid plan) or 7 days (Workers Free plan), at no additional cost for storage or restore operations.
Refer to the Time Travel documentation to learn how to travel backwards in time.
Databases using D1’s new storage subsystem can use Time Travel. Time Travel replaces the snapshot-based backups used for legacy alpha databases.
2023-06-16
Generated columns documentation
We’ve published new documentation describing how to use D1’s support for generated columns to define columns that are dynamically generated on write (or read). Generated columns allow you to extract data from JSON objects or use the output of other SQL functions.
2023-06-28
Metrics and analytics
You can now view per-database metrics via both the Cloudflare dashboard and the GraphQL Analytics API.
D1 currently exposes read & writes per second, query response size, and query latency percentiles.
2023-06-12
Deprecating Error.cause
As of wrangler v3.1.1 the D1 client API now returns detailed error messages within the top-level Error.message property, and no longer requires developers to inspect the Error.cause.message property.
To facilitate a transition from the previous Error.cause behaviour, detailed error messages will continue to be populated within Error.cause as well as the top-level Error object until approximately July 14th, 2023. Future versions of both wrangler and the D1 client API will no longer populate Error.cause after this date.
2023-05-19
New experimental backend
D1 has a new experimental storage back end that dramatically improves query throughput, latency and reliability. The experimental back end will become the default back end in the near future. To create a database using the experimental backend, use wrangler and set the --experimental-backend flag when creating a database:
Read more about the experimental back end in the announcement blog.
Location hints
You can now provide a location hint when creating a D1 database, which will influence where the leader (writer) is located. By default, D1 will automatically create your database in a location close to where you issued the request to create a database. In most cases this allows D1 to choose the optimal location for your database on your behalf.
2023-05-17
Query JSON
New documentation has been published that covers D1’s extensive JSON function support. JSON functions allow you to parse, query and modify JSON directly from your SQL queries, reducing the number of round trips to your database, or data queried.